Chlorination Process Equipment

Vinyl chloride is produced using the acetylene gas-phase method. This process utilizes activated carbon as a support medium, impregnated with mercuric chloride as a catalyst, and is based on the gas-phase addition reaction between acetylene and hydrogen chloride. The reaction takes place within a converter packed with the catalyst, at a temperature range of 80–180°C.

Hydrogen chloride and acetylene react to generate crude vinyl chloride gas, which is collected via a main header and directed to the purification section. This crude gas—containing unreacted hydrogen chloride and acetylene, sublimated mercury vapor, and high-boiling byproducts—flows from the secondary synthesis gas header into a mercury removal unit. After the mercury has been removed from the synthesis gas, the stream enters a falling-film absorber; following cooling by circulating water, it passes through a water scrubbing tower and an alkali scrubbing tower before being sent to the compression and rectification section for further purification. The advantages of this method include a high acetylene conversion rate, relatively uncomplicated equipment requirements, and mature production technology; consequently, it is currently widely adopted for large-scale industrial production.